A | 据俄媒报道，近期拍摄到一架正在组装的新型空中加油机伊尔-78MK-90A，这架新制造的加油机很可能是出口项目的一部分。 Washington, Oct 18 (UNI) The US says it agrees with Western allies that Iran's supply of explosive drones to Russia violates UN sanctions.
Kyiv was struck by so-called "kamikaze" drones on Monday, unleashed by Russia but believed to be Iranian-made.
The US agrees with the French and British assessment that the drones violate UN Security Council Resolution 2231, the US State Department said.
That resolution, linked to Iran's nuclear accord, bars Iranian transfers of certain military technologies.
Ukraine has identified the drones -- or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) -- as Iranian Shahed-136 weapons.
They are called kamikaze drones after the Japanese fighter pilots who flew suicide missions in World War II.
"It is our belief that these UAVs that were transferred from Iran to Russia and used by Russia in Ukraine are among the weapons that would remain embargoed under 2231," said Vedant Patel of the State Department.
Iran denies supplying them to Russia, but Patel said the US "exposed publicly that Russia has received drones from Iran, that this was part of Russia's plan to import hundreds of Iranian UAVs of various types".
He added that there was "extensive proof" of Russia's use of them in Ukraine.
Critical infrastructure was hit on Monday in Ukraine's Kyiv, Dnipro and Sumy regions, with electricity cut in hundreds of towns and villages, the Kyiv government said.
At least eight people were killed -- four in Kyiv and four in Sumy. The US said it would "hold (Russia) accountable for its war crimes."
Patel said the deepening alliance between Russia and Iran was something the whole world should see as a threat. Russia and Iran have provided key military support for President Bashar al-Assad in the Syrian civil war.
UNI MR。但多方消息推测，中国是最有可能的客户，计划向俄罗斯采购20架伊尔-78MK-90A加油机，交付可能从2027-2028年。目前，这个消息并没有得到确认，如果真的是采购俄制加油机，出于何种目标。当初，从乌克兰引进3架伊尔-78加油机，一是空军现役的加油机队缺少，轰油-6加油机可供油量约18吨，只能给1架苏-30重型战机或者2架歼-8加油，而伊尔-78加油机在伊尔-76运输机改进，可供油量约48吨。所以，当年引进加油机，是迫不得已的做法。伊尔-78MK-90A加油机是新型大型空中加油机，在伊尔-76MD-90A运输机深度改进，配备4台PS-90A-76涡扇发动机，最大起飞重量达210吨。记住，不再是出口版老款D-30KP-2发动机，推力增强了33%，油耗还降低不少。

B | 这种新发动机的最大推力14.5吨，与涡扇-20的推力相接近。其实，俄新加油机与运油-20B相比，并不出色，而运-20B的最大起飞重量220吨，还多了10吨。采购20架俄制伊尔-78MK-90A重型加油机，很可能出于两种情况。这是本人的猜测，一来，运油-20系列加油机目前产量正在爬坡。可是，咱们空军发展太快了，歼-7和歼-8这类轻型加油机都退役，重型加油机数量多了，加油机不够用了。引入俄制加油机，就能够在2-3年内增加20架这种加油机。